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Art History

The story of art, one question at a time.

Periods, works and ideas in plain English. Every term is explained the first time it appears, so you can start anywhere.

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Byzantine Art

Chora Church (Kariye) and Its Byzantine Mosaics

Istanbul's Chora Church holds early 14th-century Byzantine mosaics and frescoes paid for by the statesman Theodore Metochites.4 min read
Byzantine Art

Meteora: The Monasteries on the Rocks

The pillars made the monasteries hard to reach, and for centuries monks were hauled up in nets or climbed rope ladders.4 min read
Byzantine Art

Cappella Palatina, Where Norman, Arab and Byzantine Art Meet

Consecrated in 1140, Palermo's Cappella Palatina joins Norman architecture, an Arab-style wooden ceiling and Byzantine mosaics.4 min read
Byzantine Art

Why Did Byzantine Christians Carve Churches Into Rock?

Whole churches were dug out of cliffs near Göreme. Who carved them, and what is painted inside?4 min read
Byzantine Art

Venetians Say They Stole St Mark’s Body. What Is the Story?

Venetian tradition says two merchants took St Mark's body from Alexandria in 828. How much of the story is true?4 min read
Islamic Art

Umayyad Mosque of Damascus: History and Design

Al-Walid I built the Great Mosque of Damascus in 706-715 on the site of a church of John the Baptist.5 min read
Islamic Art

Dome of the Rock: History, Design and Meaning

The Dome of the Rock, finished around 691 under Abd al-Malik, is an octagonal shrine built around a sacred rock in Jerusalem.4 min read
Islamic Art

Early Islamic Art: Mosques, Calligraphy and Geometry

From the 7th century, mosques, calligraphy and geometric patterns became the main language of a new art that avoids images of God.5 min read