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Art History

The story of art, one question at a time.

Periods, works and ideas in plain English. Every term is explained the first time it appears, so you can start anywhere.

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Early Christian Art

The Holy Sepulchre, From Constantine to the Crusaders

Built by Constantine in the 4th century, the church over the traditional tomb of Jesus was rebuilt by the Crusaders in 1149.4 min read
Early Christian Art

Rome’s Catacombs Hold Some of the Oldest Christian Paintings

They were cemeteries, not hiding places, and their paintings borrow Roman styles to carry Christian meanings.4 min read
Early Christian Art

Constantinople, Its History, Walls and Monuments

A Roman emperor's new capital became the heart of a Greek-speaking empire for a thousand years. What survives of it in Istanbul?5 min read
Byzantine Art

Byzantine Art: A Beginner’s Guide, From Icons to Mosaics

Byzantine art grew from Constantinople's court and church between 330 and 1453, and its icons and gold mosaics define the style.4 min read
Ancient Rome

Hadrian Visited Jerash. What Did the City Build for Him?

A provincial city marked an emperor's winter stay with an arch, which shows how towns courted Rome and its favour.4 min read
Ancient Rome

The Library of Celsus Is Also a Tomb. Whose?

Burying someone inside a Roman city was rare, so a tomb under a library was an exceptional honour.3 min read
Ancient Rome

Why Did Romans Build a Temple Around a Hot Spring?

The spring was sacred before Rome came, so the Romans did not invent the cult; they renamed and rebuilt it.4 min read
Ancient Rome

A Wonder of the World Stood at Ephesus. Where Did It Go?

Pilgrims once came from across the Mediterranean to see it. What happened to the temple, and who took its stone?5 min read